froglife logo


home I news I about I froglife ltd I contact I search
------------------------------------------
  you are in: ANIMALS > IDENTIFICATION > NATIVE SNAKES



Native snakes

There are three native species of snake in the UK and one leg-less lizard which looks like a snake (the slow-worm). Our native snakes, and slow-worm, all have one or more distinguishing features that can help you identify them and they all tend to prefer slightly different habtiats.

Head
O Adders have a vertical pupil, red eyes (usually) and a blunt nose.
O Grass snakes have a yellow and black collar behind the head; they have a circular pupil and a rounded nose.
O Slow-worms have a bullet-shaped head (lack a distinct neck) and are able to blink.
O Smooth snakes have a butterfly- or heart-shaped crown and a dark stripe along the side of the head.

Body
O Adders are brown or grey with a distinctive dark zigzag down the centre of the back; they are 'stocky' in appearance and rarely reach more than 60-80cm.
O Grass snakes are usually olive-green, grey or brown with dark bars or spots long the sides and back; they can grow to well over a metre in length.
O Slow-worms have quite a cylindrical body shape and can drop their tails if attacked; males are brown or coppery in colour and females are more golden with dark flanks and a thin dark line down the back, both look smooth and shiny.  
O Smooth snakes are grey-brown with one or two rows of spots; they're a small and slender snake with smooth, flat scales.

Habitat
O Adders are rarely seen in gardens as they prefer undisturbed habitat; they bask in clearings or on south-facing banks close to scrubby vegetation like bracken. 
O Grass snakes are often found in or near freshwater, e.g. ponds, lakes, reservoirs, canals. They're quite common in gardens and allotments (depending on surrounding habitats), especially those with ponds for hunting in.
O Slow-worms are also common in gardens and allotments; they prefer to warm themselves under objects (in compost heaps or under stones / garden debris) and are rarely seen basking out in the open (as snakes will do).
O Smooth snakes are extremely rare and are only found on the heathlands of Dorset, Hampshire, Surrey, West Sussex and, after recent reintroductions, Devon.