Written by Charles Bonnett, Transforming Lives Trainee
The 7th of July is National Meadows Day. Unfortunately, as a result of intensive farming and urban development, meadows are now one of the rarest types of habitats that can be found in the UK. They have suffered a 97% decline since World War II, and many of those that do still remain are fragmented and vulnerable.
Meadows form an important component of our cultural heritage and history, their idyllic and peaceful landscapes inspiring literature, art, and folklore throughout the centuries, including works by Shakespeare and Constable. Likewise, these habitats present environmental benefits, such as carbon sequestration and water retention, which can reduce the impact of flooding, As with their cultural and environmental relevance, their ecological significance cannot be understated. Meadow grasses and flowers provide crucial food and shelter for many invertebrates. Pollinators, such as bees, derive nectar and pollen from wildflower meadows. Many caterpillars rely heavily on meadow grasses as a food source, like those of the Marbled White and Speckled Wood. These habitats also attract many species of mammals – from the tiny shrew to the grazing deer – who can utilise this environment to forage, shelter, breed, and nest. The presence of these mammals in turn entices birds of prey to meadows, such as majestic owls and hovering kestrels.
Other birds flock to this habitat, such as the goldfinch, attracted by the abundant seed heads, and the swallow, enticed by numerous invertebrates. And, of course, reptiles and amphibians can benefit greatly from meadows. Tall vegetation can act as excellent cover, and the presence of small mammals and invertebrates provides a food source for our native reptile and amphibian species.
Now is the perfect time to spread awareness of the dire situation our meadows are in and why they should be preserved. And if you find yourself in a meadow, keep your eye out for any amphibians and reptiles, which you can record on our Dragon Finder App!